🛡️ Safety Mechanisms

The Gaganyaan Crew Module includes a robust set of safety features to protect astronauts during all phases of the mission — from launch to orbit, re-entry, and landing. These mechanisms are designed to handle emergency scenarios and enhance mission reliability.

• Crew Escape System (CES): An emergency ejection system that can rapidly pull the Crew Module away from the rocket in case of a launch failure.
• Redundant Systems: Critical systems like life support, communication, and power supply have backup units to ensure continued operation if one fails.
• Shock-Absorbing Seats: Seats with energy-dissipating mounts reduce the impact of G-forces during launch and landing.
• Thermal Protection System (TPS): A heat shield protects the module and astronauts from intense re-entry temperatures (~1,600°C).
• Parachute-Based Descent: Multiple-stage parachutes ensure a slow and safe descent into the sea for recovery.
• Flotation Devices: After splashdown, automatic floatation systems keep the module upright and stable in the water.

These safety systems are rigorously tested under extreme conditions, with unmanned test flights validating every emergency response sequence before any human mission is approved.