Cosmology is the scientific study of the large-scale properties and evolution of the universe as a whole. It explores the origin, structure, dynamics, and ultimate fate of the cosmos.

The prevailing theory of how the universe began is the Big Bang. Around 13.8 billion years ago, the universe expanded from an extremely hot, dense point into the vast cosmos we observe today.

The universe consists of galaxies, galaxy clusters, superclusters, and immense cosmic voids. These structures formed through gravitational attraction and expansion over billions of years.

Observations show the universe is not just expanding—but accelerating. This phenomenon is attributed to dark energy, an unknown force that makes up about 68% of the cosmos.

• Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): Radiation left over from the Big Bang, offering clues about the early universe.
• Redshift: Light from galaxies stretches as the universe expands, helping measure distance and time.
• Space Telescopes: Instruments like JWST and Hubble help uncover the universe’s past and composition.

Cosmology connects physics, astronomy, and philosophy—exploring the biggest questions of existence and the future of everything we know.