⚙️ Vehicle Capabilities – LVM3

The LVM3 is India’s most powerful and advanced launch vehicle, engineered for heavy-lift missions. Its proven performance, structural robustness, and upgrade potential make it the ideal rocket for human spaceflight.

  • Payload to LEO: Can carry up to 8,000 kg to Low Earth Orbit (LEO), making it capable of lifting the Crew Module and Service Module stack with margin.
  • Lift-Off Mass: Approximately 640 tonnes, making it the heaviest operational rocket in India’s fleet.
  • Height: About 43.5 meters (equal to a 15-story building).
  • Stages: Three-stage configuration:
    • S200: Two solid rocket boosters for powerful initial thrust.
    • L110: Core liquid stage with Vikas engines using UDMH and N2O4.
    • C25: Upper cryogenic stage powered by CE-20 engine using LH2/LOX.
  • Precision Guidance: Onboard computers and inertial navigation systems ensure accurate payload placement in the desired orbit.
  • Modular Design: Allows for human-rated upgrades including interface with Crew Escape System and vibration damping mechanisms.

LVM3’s performance and adaptability mark a turning point for ISRO’s ambitions in crewed missions, space stations, and interplanetary exploration.